RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Augmented reality (AR) involves digitally overlapping virtual objects onto physical objects in real space so that individuals can interact with both at the same time. AR in medical education seeks to reduce surgical complications through high-quality education. There is uncertainty in the use of AR as a learning tool for interventional radiology procedures. OBJECTIVE: To compare AR with other learning methods in interventional radiology. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review of comparative studies on teaching techniques. METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, Tripdatabase, ERIC, CINAHL, SciELO and LILACS electronic databases for studies comparing AR simulation with other teaching methods in interventional radiology. This systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA and the BEME Collaboration. Eligible studies were evaluated using the quality indicators provided in the BEME Collaboration Guide no. 11, and the Kirkpatrick model. RESULTS: Four randomized clinical trials were included in this review. The level of educational evidence found among all the papers was 2B, according to the Kirkpatrick model. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was applied to assess the risk of bias for individual studies and across studies. Three studies showed an improvement in teaching of the proposed procedure through AR; one study showed that the participants took longer to perform the procedure through AR. CONCLUSION: AR, as a complementary teaching tool, can provide learners with additional skills, but there is still a lack of studies with a higher evidence level according to the Kirkpatrick model. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/ACZBM in the Open Science Framework database.
Assuntos
Realidade Aumentada , Competência Clínica , Humanos , Aprendizagem , Radiologia Intervencionista , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Augmented reality (AR) involves digitally overlapping virtual objects onto physical objects in real space so that individuals can interact with both at the same time. AR in medical education seeks to reduce surgical complications through high-quality education. There is uncertainty in the use of AR as a learning tool for interventional radiology procedures. OBJECTIVE: To compare AR with other learning methods in interventional radiology. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review of comparative studies on teaching techniques. METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, Tripdatabase, ERIC, CINAHL, SciELO and LILACS electronic databases for studies comparing AR simulation with other teaching methods in interventional radiology. This systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA and the BEME Collaboration. Eligible studies were evaluated using the quality indicators provided in the BEME Collaboration Guide no. 11, and the Kirkpatrick model. RESULTS: Four randomized clinical trials were included in this review. The level of educational evidence found among all the papers was 2B, according to the Kirkpatrick model. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was applied to assess the risk of bias for individual studies and across studies. Three studies showed an improvement in teaching of the proposed procedure through AR; one study showed that the participants took longer to perform the procedure through AR. CONCLUSION: AR, as a complementary teaching tool, can provide learners with additional skills, but there is still a lack of studies with a higher evidence level according to the Kirkpatrick model. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/ACZBM in the Open Science Framework database.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cauda Equina/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa/diagnóstico , Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa/tratamento farmacológico , Exame Físico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Cauda Equina/fisiopatologia , Dor Lombar/diagnóstico , Vértebras Lombares , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
A herniação do ureter é uma condição médica extremamente rara e geralmente ocorre após transplantes ou ptose renal. A maioria dos casos relatados são identificados no momento da exploração cirúrgica para correção de hérnia inguinal, ou posteriormente como resultado de uma lesão operatória. Os pacientes comumente são assintomáticos até o agravamento do quadro, a idade média afetada é entre a quinta e sexta década de vida. O relato de caso destaca a importância de um diagnóstico precoce de um fenômeno incomum para evitar possíveis complicações. A herniação do ureter é uma causa importante de complicações no enxerto após transplantes renais, os sintomas dependem do grau de obstrução ureteral, localização e da presença de agravos. O procedimento de correção geralmente consiste em hernioplastia, inserção de stent e, em alguns casos, até mesmo ressecção do ureter e reanamastose. Devido ao risco de uropatia obstrutiva o tratamento deve ser realizado com cautela
Ureter herniation is an extremely rare medical condition and usually occurs after transplants or renal ptosis. Most of the reported cases are identified at the time of surgical exploration to correct an inguinal hernia, or later as a result of an operative injury. Patients are usually asymptomatic until the condition worsens, the average age affected is between the fifth and sixth decade of life. The case report highlights the importance of an early diagnosis of an unusual phenomenon to avoid possible complications. Herniation of the ureter is an important cause of graft complications after kidney transplants, the symptoms depend on the degree of ureteral obstruction, location, and the presence of injuries. The correction procedure usually consists of hernioplasty, stent insertion, and, in some cases, even resection of the ureter and resuscitation. Due to the risk of obstructive uropathy, treatment should be carried out with caution
Assuntos
Humanos , Uretra , Sistema Urinário , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Hérnia , DiagnósticoRESUMO
Contexto: O ureter circuncaval, também conhecido como pré-ureter ou ureter retrocaval, é uma rara anomalia congênita com a qual os pacientes raramente relatam sintomas até a terceira ou quarta décadas de vida. A anomalia envolve predominantemente o ureter direito. Um ureter retrocaval à esquerda é visto apenas com persistência da veia cardinal esquerda, com situs inversus completo ou duplicação da veia cava inferior. A compressão do ureter entre a veia cava inferior e as vértebras resulta em hidronefrose e ureteronefrose progressiva. Descrição do caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 31 anos de idade, com dor lombar recorrente à direita há dois anos. Apresenta exame físico sem alterações evidentes, inclusive testes específicos para a coluna vertebral. Exame de tomografia computadorizada da coluna lombar realizada há 18 meses, sem alterações significativas. Discussão: O ureter circuncaval, na maioria dos casos, é assintomático. Os sintomas dependem do grau de obstrução ureteral ou da presença de complicações e consistem em dor no flanco ocasionalmente a dor intermitente é a primeira queixa , infecções recorrentes do trato urinário, hematúria macroscópica ou microscópica. Deve ser levado em conta que o ureter retrocaval pode coexistir com outras anomalias congênitas 20% dos pacientes com ureter retrocaval apresentam anomalias congênitas concomitantes. O procedimento cirúrgico geralmente consiste na divisão ureteral, ressecção do ureter estenótico e redundante com realocação e reanastomose ureteroureteral ou ureteropélvica. Conclusão: Relatamos um caso de ureter circuncaval que é uma rara anomalia congênita predominantemente
